Technical Breakdown:
1. File Extension & Renaming Patterns
-
Confirmation of File Extension:
bbq(appears exactly as “.bbq” with no additional random characters or prefixes). -
Renaming Convention: Files are renamed to the pattern
<original_filename>.<original_extension>.bbq
(Example: “AnnualReport.xlsx” becomes “AnnualReport.xlsx.bbq”).
Only the last (outer-most) extension changes; the authentic one is preserved just before the appended.bbq, which means directory listings still show the true file type but make encrypted data unusable.
2. Detection & Outbreak Timeline
- Approximate Start Date/Period: First large-scale detections surfaced in June 2023 as part of Babuk-V2 activity clusters. Public telemetry references and victim submissions on ID-Ransomware spiked late-June through early-August 2023.
3. Primary Attack Vectors
- RDP Compromise: Credential stuffing against exposed 3389/3389+NAT gateways is the favored entry point.
-
Phishing with Geared Payloads: Emails impersonating procurement invoices or transportation invoices carry password-protected ZIPs (
*.doc.zip) containing LNK droppers that ultimately fetch thebbqloader. -
Known Exploits:
– CVE-2021-34527 “PrintNightmare” used for privilege escalation on un-patched Windows servers.
– Saw intermittent use of SQL Server UDP 1434 hijacking for lateral movement once inside. - Cobalt Strike Beacon: Used as secondary payload to move laterally, dump LSASS, and push the ransomware binary to every reachable host.
Remediation & Recovery Strategies:
1. Prevention
-
Close RDP from the Internet or require VPN-only MFA-protected access; disable
/adminconsoles. - Patch immediately: Apply Windows cumulative updates covering PrintNightmare (June 2021+), RDP (BlueKeep), and SMBv3.
- Block malicious macros / LNK file execution via Group Policy; use Windows Defender ASR rules to prevent Office spawning child processes.
- Application allow-listing (e.g., Microsoft Defender Application Control or AppLocker) that permits only signed executables to run in user-wide locations.
- Network segmentation: Separate domain controllers, SQL, and file shares from end-user networks using VLANs and strict firewall rules (TCP/135–139, 445, 3389).
2. Removal
- Isolate: Physically disconnect affected hosts from LAN/Wi-Fi or force VLAN isolation on the switch.
- Suspend privileged accounts: If credentials are suspected of being compromised, force password reset for all domain-level accounts from a clean host.
- Boot to Safe Mode with Networking or Windows PE external media to prevent the malware from running again.
- Scan and identify:
- Run Defender offline or ESET Emergency Disk – the
bbqdropper is usually under%APPDATA%\Roaming\[random3-digit]\orC:\ProgramData\with random .exe names. - Check for scheduled tasks referencing
cmd.exe /c C:\Users\…\name.exe.
- Wipe/Restore if tamper evidence is found in registry (e.g., run keys under HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run).
- Validate with a second offline scan (Malwarebytes ADW/ESET or CrowdStrike WinPE). Return the lowest-privilege, clean cloned VM first, followed by incremental volume restores.
3. File Decryption & Recovery
-
Recovery Feasibility: Babuk/Bbq (v2) uses secure Curve25519 + ChaCha20-Poly1305; files cannot be decrypted without the attacker’s private key.
-
Free Decider Status: No known public decryptor; Emsisoft and NoMoreRansom do not list a working tool for
.bbq. -
Data-restoration Options:
– Restore from offline backups (no online, direct-attached volumes).
– Consider Windows Server VSS shadow-copy rollback if the ransomware did not explicitly delete them (rare but worth checking viavssadmin list shadowswhile offline).
– Negotiation: Some affiliate groups left victims for months; law-enforcement never recommends paying but keep legal counsel involved if a business decision is made. -
Essential Tools/Patches:
– 2023-06 Cumulative Updates for Windows 10/11 and Server 2012 R2-2022 (addresses PrintNightmare, Netlogon EoP).
– Latest Microsoft Defender engine signatures dated after July 2023 correctly tag the PE as Ransom:Win32/Babuk!cfg.
– CrowdStrike Falcon OverWatch or SentinelOne EDR signatures for lateral-movement beacon detections (use to retro-hunt once clean).
4. Other Critical Information
-
Unique Behavior: The Babuk fork
.bbqdoes not append a fixed ransom note filename; the note is generated in every folder asDecrypt-Me.Txt(txt)via scheduled task every 15 minutes. It also auto-terminates ifrukeyboard layout is detected, decreasing Russian incidence. -
Ecosystem Impact: Babuk’s public source code (leaked Feb-2021) resurfaced in privatized “as-a-service” form. Thus,
.bbqinfections exhibit multiple affiliates, each potentially using different intrusion tactics—expect variability in IOCs across incidents. - Regulatory Considerations: Under US sanctions (OFAC guidance), paying Babuk affiliate wallets held by OFAC-designated persons could expose organizations to civil/criminal penalties—engage legal and incident-response firms early.
Bottom line: .bbq is a Babuk offshoot without a free decryptor. Prioritize robust backups, minimal-RDP exposure, and immediate patching; rely on clean restore rather than decryption when impacted.