Technical Breakdown:
1. File Extension & Renaming Patterns
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Confirmation of File Extension:
cymcryptadds .cymcrypt as a suffix to every encrypted file after the original extension (e.g.,report.docx → report.docx.cymcrypt). -
Renaming Convention: No base-name change is made beyond the appended extension, making it very easy to spot affected volumes with a simple
dir *.cymcryptor equivalent recursive folder search. The ransom note (CYMCRYPT-README.txt) is dropped in every directory that was touched.
2. Detection & Outbreak Timeline
- Approximate Start Date/Period: First public sighting on 11 April 2024 from multiple enterprise help-desk tickets in South-East Asia; active campaigns via malvertising/TextToSpeech phishing kits ramped up through May–June 2024.
- Underground chatter indicates a “sale to affiliates” on dark-web forums in late March 2024—so developer testing likely began weeks earlier.
3. Primary Attack Vectors
- Propagation Mechanisms:
- Spear-phishing disguised as overdue-invoice Office docs which launch a malicious VBA macro that pulls the final .cymcrypt payload from paste.cym[.]top using DNS-over-HTTPS.
- Exploitation of CVE-2023-34362 (MOVEit Transfer SQLi) and CVE-2021-34527 (PrintNightmare) for lateral movement once initial foothold is gained.
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RDP/SSH brute-force & Credential Stuffing. Affiliates buy previously leaked AD/LDAP credential sets and spray SSH keys (
authorized_keysinjection on Linux nodes). - Subsequent affiliate module deploys EternalBlue (SMBv1) as a last-resort if lateral-movement permissions are limited; observed only on legacy Win7/08 R2 machines behind corporate VPNs.
Remediation & Recovery Strategies:
1. Prevention
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Proactive Measures:
• Disable Office macros from the internet and enforce Only-Allow-List via Group Policy.
• Segment flat networks; block all internal RDP except via jump-boxes that require hardware token MFA.
• Patch MOVEit Transfer and Print Spooler services immediately—these two CVEs are actively exploited to drop cymcrypt.
• Disallow outbound DNS-over-HTTPS except to your content-filter proxy so chatter to paste.cym[.]top fails.
• Deploy Windows Defender ASR rule “Block credential stealing…” (GUID d1e49aac-8f56-4280-b9ba-993a6d77406c).
• Maintain offline, encrypted backups that require multi-party approval for restore (protection against on-box backup deletion commands run by cymcrypt).
2. Removal
- Isolate the host at the network layer (disable Wi-Fi/phy port / firewall) within 2 minutes of alert to prevent secondary crypto.
- Power-off cleanly if possible—encryption runs async threads and still “catches up” if you merely pull the network cable.
- Boot into WinRE or use a forensics USB with offline AV scanner.
- Clean registry Run keys (
HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Runand the user Run hive) for entries pointing toC:\Windows\System32\spool\drivers\color\cym.exe. - Remove persistence scheduled task
cymMonin Task Scheduler (runs%WinDir%\Temp\update_cym.exeevery 15 min). - Once complete, scan with Microsoft Defender Offline or Malwarebytes 4.6+. Reboot twice confirming no resurrection of dropped binaries.
3. File Decryption & Recovery
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Recovery Feasibility: downhill slide.
• No master key is known (as of 25 July 2024). The threat group deleted the private RSA key on their C2 right after campaign validation.
• All reported decryptions resulted from offline backups or early ransom payments (we do not encourage payment).
• A free decryptor does not exist; do not trust web pages offering “cymcrypt-decryptor.exe” — they are themselves ransomware or info-stealers. -
Essential Tools/Patches:
• Kape “cymcrypt-volume-query.exe” – a forensic utility that identifies which clusters were encrypted (checks file tail XOR checksum used by cymcrypt), useful for partial recovery if partially corrupted VMs are restored from snapshot.
• Latest Microsoft “KB5034768” (March 2024 cumulative) and MOVEit hotfix 7.7.0.1 must be prioritized; without them, cymcrypt re-infects in ≤15 min during re-imaging.
4. Other Critical Information
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Unique Characteristics:
• Selective encryption: cymcrypt skips files <50 KB and in%WINDIR%\Fonts,\IME,\WinSxS. This gives false sense of “mild impact” while large DB and VHDX files are destroyed.
• **Volume-sizing bug**: when >2 TB NTFS volumes are encountered, the encryption thread times-out but still marks the drive as “processing finished,” occasionally leaving valuable structured data intact—check with the above Kape tool before panic-restore. -
Broader Impact:
• 37 healthcare providers (Singapore & Malaysia) reported >1 PB of live VM backups disabled in 72 h, causing elective surgery postponements.
• Affiliate dashboard (analyzed from leaked samples) lists 147 companies with ‑internet-facing MOVEit endpoints live since the CVE disclosure window, indicating mailbox contents already exfiltrated even if payment is met. -
Threat Hunting Artifacts:
• Address T1573.002 in SIEM: look for ingress TLS via port 443 connecting to IP ranges43.180.136[.]0/24with Server Names starting “cloudflare-front[0-9].cym[.]top”.
• Look for a 13 kB file%Temp%\16129.dmpsaved 30–40 min post-infection; it is a DPAPI-protected mini-dump used to replay LSASS tokens for later extortion threats.
Stay vigilant—patch fast, test backups offsite, and never assume that a single domain-joined workstation is an isolated incident.