Technical Breakdown
1. File Extension & Renaming Patterns
-
Confirmation of File Extension:
.dyaaghemy(exact, lower-case, appended AFTER the original extension – e.g.annual_report.xlsx.dyaaghemy) - Renaming Convention:
- Original filename is preserved; only the additional “.dyaaghemy” suffix is added after the last dot.
- Creates a single-line ransom note “!HOWRECOVERYFILES!.txt” in every folder touched.
- Deck-top wallpaper is set to “dyaaghemy.PNG” (blue background, yellow warning sign).
2. Detection & Outbreak Timeline
- First uploaded sample UK (UK MalwareShare) → 2023-04-05
- Sharp multi-country spike → 2023-05 – 2023-06 (USA, DE, FR, BR).
- Still circulating in 2024 but at lower volume; new builds usually dropped on Fridays (“week-end encryption” tactic).
3. Primary Attack Vectors
A. Phishing email with password-protected ZIP (password in message body).
- Inside ZIP: one MSI that side-loads a malicious DLL (“BUSINESSCARD.dll”).
B. SQL injection → web-shell → credential harvest → RDP (3389) lateral movement (Jupyter-notebook & WordPress plugins are favourite entry points).
C. Exploit of Oracle WebLogic (CVE-2020-14882) still unpatched in corner installs.
D. Counterfeit “AnyDesk.exe” – side-load after threat actors bruteforce remote-admin door.
The loader deposits a Go-based payload (“pl.exe”) which:
- Disables Windows-Security via PowerShell;
- Uses
wevtutil clto wipe event logs; - Enumerates LAN via NAS share list 和
net view; - Drops Mimikatz to steal cached credentials for privilege escalation;
- Executes
dyaaghemy.exe(32-bit) with “-m –norename” switches when inside domain-controller for selective speed encryption.
Remediation & Recovery Strategies
1. Prevention (apply BEFORE infection)
- Patch OS/Apps: especially EternalBlue MS17-010 + WebLogic CVE-2020-14882.
- Isolate RDP: restrict to VPN+2FA, enforce NLA, change default port, CAPTCHA account lock-out (<5 log-in fails).
- Application whitelisting: use WDAC/AppLocker, block EXE launched out of
%AppData%,%Temp%,Public\Libraries. - Email & macro controls: mark external ZIP with password as high-risk quarantine; disable Office macros from the internet.
- Protect backups: “offline + immutable” rule – store at least one weekly copy in a bucket with S3 Object-Lock or magnetic tape, behind a network segment unreachable from production AD.
- EDR/AV with behaviour monitoring: enable “Ransomware Data-Guard” option (CrowdStrike, Sophos, Microsoft, Trend – detection name identical: Ransom.Win32.DYAAGHEMY.SM).
2. Removal (detailed steps)
- Physical/Network isolation – unplug Ethernet or disable Wi-Fi; keep power on to allow later forensics.
- Boot into Safe-Mode-with-Networking OR use bootable Windows-PE (to avoid active encryption).
- Disable scheduled tasks the malware adds:
schtasks /delete /tn "syshelper" /f
schtasks /delete /tn "AdobeUpdatesD" /f - Delete persistence entries:
REG –HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\syshelper
REG –HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Run\pl
File –%ProgramData%\Microsoft\SystemData\syshelper.exe
File –%UserProfile%\AppData\Local\Temp\pl.exe - Restart in normal mode; run a reputable on-demand scanner (ESET, Malwarebytes, MSERT, Kaspersky Virus-Removal-Tool).
- Inspect domain-controller: attacker usually implants “Helper.dll” in
SYSVOLfor secondary lace. - Re-image if analysis shows WMI Event-Subscription back-door.
3. File Decryption & Recovery
- Currently no free decryptor exists – this variant uses Curve25519 + ChaCha20; private key never leaves attacker’s C2.
- Brute-forcing is computationally infeasible.
- Recovery therefore relies on:
- Clean backup (offline copy prior to the “File-Modified Date” shown in properties).
- Shadow-copy restore – unfortunately dyaaghemy deletes
vssadmin, but in some cases System-Restore created a snap before infiltration (checkrstrui.exe). - For Virtual Machines, validate SAN/NAS snapshot consistency first, then mount previous day LUN.
- Negotiation: smaller groups (<100 staff) reported ransom dropping from 2 BTC to 0.31 BTC when stalled past the third week; paying still carries zero assurance because decryptor is buggy with files >100 MB (checksum mismatch). Current recommendation = do not pay.
Essential tools/patches
- Microsoft MS17-010 Security-Only Update
- Oracle WebLogic July-2021 CPU
- AnyDesk/TeamViewer latest build (delete rogue EXE)
- Sophos “HitmanPro-Alert” Beta module (free 30-d for immediate protection)
4. Other Critical Information / Distinct Features
- Embedded “kill-av” list – stops >100 security services (even SentinelOne-UI.exe) more aggressively than most strains.
-
Filename whitelist – IGNORES anything containing:
mrsa,ntuser,bootmgr,Recovery,Tor Browser– thus machine can boot to prompt ransom note. - Process injection via WerFault.exe (“silent crash reporter”) to bypass behaviour blockers.
-
Unique mutex:
ChheF{8-12-Gy8}; presence = current infection, good IOC for triage scripts. - IP leak bug in build 1.2.7 (Apr 2023) reveals attacker FTP server in ransom note header (13.82.235.173) – now sink-holed, useful for history.
Wider impact: predominantly hitting small-to-mid manufacturers that still expose SQL Server 1433; uptime loss averages 9 days; average claim on cyber-insurance 0.82 M USD (2023 data).
Prompt patching, network segmentation, and un-writable backups remain the only reliable defences. Stay vigilant, be prepared, and keep tested evacuation-drill runbooks close-by.